INSTRUCTIONS
The poem above, by Andrew Sofer, is a pantoum, a highly structured form born in Malaysia. According to Mark Strand and Eavan Boland, in The Making of a Poem: A Norton Anthology of Poetic Forms (2000), a pantoum consists of four-line stanzas—the total number of stanzas being up to the poet. The rhyme scheme of each stanza is
abab, and the first and last lines of the poem must be identical. From here, the rules get complex: "The second and fourth lines of the first quatrain become the first and third lines of the next, and so on with succeeding quatrains," note Strand and Boland. "In the final quatrain the unrepeated first and third lines are used in reverse as second and fourth lines."
Observe Strand and Boland, "Of all verse forms the pantoum is the slowest: The reader takes four steps forward, then two back. It is the perfect form for the evocation of a past time."